Smoking associated with periodontal diseases
Abstract
Introduction: periodontal disease has a high prevalence in the world and in Cuba. It is related to factors such as age, sex, immune status, genetics, microbiota groove, smoking and oral hygiene, among others.
Objective: to describe the association between smoking and the presence of periodontal disease.
Method: a descriptive observational study was carried out at the Stomatology Department of "Belkis Sotomayor Álvarez" University Policlinic, in Ciego de Avila municipality, from January to April 2014. The study group consisted of 1047 patients over 15 years old, from the Doctor´s Office 95 of the Policlinic mentioned before, and the sample was composed of 629 smokers, with a 60.1%. The studied variables were age, gender and periodontal status.
Results: it was determined that 37,8% of smokers had gingivitis diagnosis, it is usually diagnosed in younger patients. Periodontitis in these patients was presented by 28.1%, observed more frequently in patients over 35 years. In relation to sex, there were no significant differences between men and women.
Conclusions: to identify smoking habit as a main risk factor for periodontal disease can prevent them.
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