Características clínicas, epidemiológicas y metabólicas en diabéticos tipo 2 recién diagnosticados con insulina como terapéutica transitoria
Resumen
Introducción: en los enfermos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 el tratamiento inicial con insulina es una modalidad terapéutica utilizada.
Objetivo: caracterizar clínica, epidemiológica y metabólicamente los enfermos de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 con uso transitorio de insulina luego del diagnóstico.
Método: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo en el Hospital General Provincial Docente de Ciego de Ávila durante el período de mayo 2015 a julio 2016. De una población de 131 enfermos de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 se tomó una muestra intencional de 67, a los cuales se les indicó insulina de forma transitoria luego del diagnóstico.
Resultados: la edad media fue 48,90 años. Predominaron las mujeres (56,71 %) y el antecedente familiar (94,02 %). La dosis media de insulina fue de 29,60 ± 6,20 Ud/día en 42,90 ± 9,3 días. Se produjo mejoría significativa entre el inicio y seis meses: índice de masa corporal (30,80 ± 2,3-28,60 ± 2,06); circunferencia de la cintura abdominal (hombres 108,3 ± 7,8-103,30 ± 6,20 cm y mujeres 103,60 ± 7,10-100,10 ± 5,70 cm); glucemia en ayunas (13,60 ± 1,30 mmol/L y PP2h: 22,10 ± 2,80-10 ± 0,70 mmol/L y 7,90 ± 1,10 mmol/L) y hemoglobina glucocilada (8,70 ± 1,10-6,90 ± 0,60 %). Las hipoglucemias fueron pocas: 2,90 % moderadas y 5,90 % ligeras. La casi totalidad se mantenía controlada con metformina a los seis meses (92,54 %).
Conclusiones: los resultados confirman que con el uso inicial transitorio de insulina se logra un control glucémico adecuado, mantenido posteriormente con monoterapia de metformina
Referencias
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