Complications in hemodialysis patients with autologous vascular access in the upper limbs

Abstract

Introduction: with the use of autologous endogenous vascular accesses in the upper limbs as a route for hemodialysis, it has been possible to prolong life and produce benefits in the patient. However, local and systemic complications occur.

Objective: to characterize the complications associated with autologous vascular accesses of the upper limbs in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: a descriptive observational study was carried out at the General Provincial Teaching Hospital "Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola" from Ciego de Ávila in the period from June 2015 to June 2016. It worked with all 45 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected from medical records. The Cimino and Brescia classification was used to classify complications. Ethical principles were met.

Results: the highest incidence of complications was registered in the age group of 40 to 49 years (28,89 %) and the male sex (57,78 %). Nephroangiosclerosis (20,00 %) and polycystic kidney disease (20,00 %) predominated as causes of chronic renal failure, and thrombosis as a late complication in radiocephalic patients (46,67 %). Of the patients, 33,30 % had no complications.

Conclusions: complications predominated in male adults with secondary chronic kidney failure to nephroangiosclerosis and polycystic kidney disease. Almost a third had secondary complications; within the immediate period, local infection prevailed in men and in the late, thrombosis in women. The radiocephalic was the location that was immediately complicated