HIV/AIDS infection and multiple concomitant opportunistic diseases. Case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12521721Keywords:
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cerebral toxoplasmosis, covid-19, pulmonary tuberculosisAbstract
Introduction: despite the existence of different therapeutic modalities and the use of antiretroviral treatment, in patients with infection caused by HIV/AIDS, the management of simultaneous opportunistic diseases that appear during the course of the disease is still complex. Imaging studies such as computed axial tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and the use of nuclear medicine contribute to clarifying the differential diagnosis of these complications.
Objective: to present the clinical-imaging characteristics of multiple concomitant diseases in an adult male with HIV/AIDS infection.
Clinical case: mixed-race patient, 44-year-old male with advanced HIV/AIDS infection, with general syndrome, convulsion, cough with hemoptoic expectoration, intermittent abdominal pain, lasting four months, with positive COVID-19 test. Abdominal ultrasound, chest X-ray, simple abdominal computed tomography with intravenous contrast, magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography were carried out. Complications such as neurotoxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus meningitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, COVID-19, splenic lymphoma, diarrheal syndrome caused by Cryptosporidium, and osteolytic lesions in the lumbosacral spine were found.
Conclusions: the case presented confirms that the use of different diagnostic imaging modalities constitutes a valuable tool in the diagnosis, evolution and monitoring of opportunistic diseases of infectious and non-infectious cause, which increase the overall mortality rate in patients with HIV/AIDS infection.
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