Local risk factors for chronic periodontal disease in diabetic from Angostura, Venezuela

Abstract

Introduction: periodontal disease is, after dental caries, the most prevalent condition among oral diseases.

Objective: to describe the local risk factors for chronic periodontal disease in diabetic patients.

Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among the patients of the Guri Popular Medical Clinic, “Paul Kleyser” Comprehensive Community Health Area of the Angostura municipality, Bolívar state in Venezuela, between September 2016 and February 2017. A total of 40 diabetic patients between 19 and 59 years of age, with a clinical diagnosis of chronic periodontal disease, who met the inclusion criteria were studied. Russell's periodontal index was used, and the ethical principles in the investigation were fulfilled.

Results: the age group from 35 to 59 years (80,00 %), type 2 diabetes (75,00 %) and periodontitis (57

,50 %) were the most represented. Poor oral hygiene (97,50 %), tartar (90,00 %) and dental caries (77,50 %) were manifested more frequently in patients with periodontitis and more than ten years of diabetes evolution.

Conclusions: the most frequent local risk factors found were poor oral hygiene, tartar and dental caries. Periodontitis slightly predominated over gingivitis. The contribution of the research lies in increasing the scientific evidence on these factors, with a view to carrying out educational and curative interventions to improve the quality of life of these patients