Valoración del uso del remdesivir para el tratamiento de la COVID-19

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11492896

Palabras clave:

acciones farmacológicas, antivirales, covid-19, farmacocinética

Resumen

Introducción: el remdesivir es un profármaco de amplio espectro antiviral que se utiliza para el tratamiento de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19.

Objetivo: valorar la evidencia científica disponible sobre el uso del remdesivir en el tratamiento de la COVID-19.

Métodos: se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía en las bases de datos disponibles en español e inglés de la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, MEDLINE, Lilacs, SciELO, EBSCO y el buscador Google Académico desde 2018 hasta el 2021. Se seleccionaron 50 artículos con la información necesaria.

Desarrollo: las terapias con inhibidores de nucleótidos/nucleósidos dirigidos contra la polimerasa ADN y ARN, pudieran constituirse en los tratamientos medulares de la terapia antiviral. Cuando el remdesivir se convierte en un metabolito activo provoca la terminación de la cadena de ARN viral e inhibe la replicación viral, lo que ha sido confirmado en estudios pre-clínicos. La información disponible de los ensayos clínicos es controversial, sin embargo, se ha podido comprobar que mejora el tiempo de recuperación de los pacientes y la supervivencia. Aunque ha mostrado un perfil de seguridad favorable, aún se reportan reacciones adversas. El esquema de tratamiento de cinco días muestra buena eficacia y menor tasa de interrupción por efectos adversos; la vía inhalatoria parece mejorar la biodisponibilidad del remdesivir en los tejidos pulmonares.

Conclusiones: el remdesivir está recomendado para el tratamiento de enfermos hospitalizados con COVID-19 y requerimientos de oxígeno, sin embargo, se requieren más investigaciones en seres humanos para confirmar su eficacia clínica en estos pacientes.

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Biografía del autor/a

Raymel Arceo Naranjo, Hospital Cubano de Qatar.

Licenciado en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Farmacéutico Clínico. Profesor Asistente. Hospital Cubano de Qatar.

Ivón González Blanco, Universidad de La Habana. La Habana.

Doctor en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Profesor Auxiliar. Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos. Universidad de La Habana. La Habana.

Milena Díaz Molina, Universidad de La Habana.

Doctor en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Profesor Titular. Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos. Universidad de La Habana.

Citas

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05-05-2023

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Arceo Naranjo R, González Blanco I, Díaz Molina M. Valoración del uso del remdesivir para el tratamiento de la COVID-19. Mediciego [Internet]. 5 de mayo de 2023 [citado 4 de diciembre de 2024];29(1):e3169. Disponible en: https://revmediciego.sld.cu/index.php/mediciego/article/view/3169

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