Factores de riesgo del cáncer bucal
Abstract
El conocimiento y el control de los factores de riesgo del cáncer bucal son de gran importancia para la práctica estomatológica y médica en general. Se describen los principales factores exógenos como el tabaquismo, el alcoholismo y la mala higiene bucal, que son capaces de originar lesiones premalignas y malignas de la boca. Estos carcinógenos causan daño tisular crónico que se manifiesta en edades avanzadas, por lo que dependen de la temporalidad y pueden potenciar su acción ante traumas crónicos o irritantes bucales térmicos. Las radiaciones ultravioletas son de gran importancia en la génesis del cáncer de labio, que es casi exclusivo de la raza blanca y es muy común en personas con riesgo laboral por exposición prolongada al sol. El autocuidado bucal es un factor protector que se manifiesta a través del cepillado diario y frecuente, el dominio del autoexamen bucal y las visitas habituales al estomatólogo; mientras que el consumo repetido de frutas y vegetales contribuye a aportar elementos antioxidantes que previenen las neoplasias malignas del complejo bucal.Downloads
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