Teaching application of artificial intelligence in medical education: a narrative review of the current state
Keywords:
adaptative algorithms, artificial intelligence, formative feedback, generative artificial intelligence, intelligent systems, medical education, mentoring, review literature as tropicAbstract
Introduction: artificial intelligence is one of the most influential emerging technologies in the fields of healthcare and medical education. It enables the analysis of large volumes of educational or medical data, the identification of trends in students’ performance, and the delivery of personalized learning experiences tailored to each learner’s needs.
Objective: to analyze the current state of research on the use of artificial intelligence as a support tool in medical education, its main applications, benefits, challenges, and prospects for integration in university settings.
Methods: a narrative review of the literature was conducted. The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as the Google Scholar search engine, were used to retrieve information. Articles published in Spanish and English between 2014 and 2025 were included.
Development: the use of artificial intelligence in teaching basic medical sciences is still in its early stages; however, there are promising examples. Clinical simulation is one of the fields most open to the application of this technology in medical education, along with automated assessment systems and intelligent tutors with adaptive feedback.
Conclusions: institutions should undertake the curricular integration of these technologies in an ethical, responsible, and sustainable manner, and promote a cultural shift that recognizes their benefits without losing sight of their limitations and risks. This review provides a broad and novel perspective on artificial intelligence in medical education, highlighting its strengths as well as the aspects that still require further attention.
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