Factors affecting treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Keywords:
lifestyle, risk factors, treatment adherence and compliance, type 2 diabetes mellitusAbstract
Introduction: lack of adherence to pharmacological treatment represents a significant issue, as it limits the effective control of diabetes mellitus and directly impacts patients’ quality of life.
Objective: to describe the factors that affect treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at “Dr. Manolo Morales Peralta” Hospital in Managua, Nicaragua, from May 18 to June 18, 2024.
Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out based on a purposive sample of 90 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The Fantastic questionnaire was used to assess lifestyle, the Morisky-Green-Levine test to measure therapeutic adherence, and the Batalla test to evaluate knowledge about the disease. Descriptive statistical measures were applied, and the principles of research ethics were met.
Results: 46.67 % of patients almost never carried out physical activity; 70.00 % did not follow a balanced diet, 62.22 % reported insufficient rest, and 86.60 % did not manage stress adequately. 52.00 % had poor knowledge of their disease, while 60.00 % were non-adherent to treatment.
Conclusions: the lack of treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study was considered to be potentially due to unhealthy habits, difficulties in stress management, insufficient knowledge about the disease. Physical inactivity, an inadequate diet, and distrust in treatment also reflect educational gaps. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive strategies to improve therapeutic adherence among diabetic patients
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Copyright (c) 2025 Edmundo Rafael Robleto Martínez, Romycheyla de Jesús Quintanilla Ulloa, Enrique José Bolaños Téllez
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