Aplicación de un protocolo para la retirada de la ventilación mecánica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Provincial “Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola” de Ciego de Ávila
Abstract
Se realizó un estudio explicativo experimental desde marzo de 2006 a diciembre de 2007 que incluyó los pacientes ventilados que ingresaron en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Provincial “Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola” que cumplían los criterios de destete, con el objetivo de implementar un protocolo de actuación para la retirada rápida de la ventilación mecánica. Se aplicó protocolo de actuación a 53 pacientes y el fallo del destete ocurrió en el 5.6% de los pacientes con una letalidad de 33.3%. Dentro de las causas que motivaron la ventilación se encontraron los quirúrgicos complicados, las bronconeumonías y el Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria del adulto, seguida del asma bronquial y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Se pudo establecer que las variables que influyen significativamente en el tiempo de destete son edad, glicemia, antecedente de diabetes y de cardiopatía isquémica. La letalidad fue de un 21%.
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