Systematic review on suicide prevention in pediatric ages
Keywords:
adolescent, attempted suicide, child, pediatric emergency medicine, review literature as topic, suicide preventionAbstract
Introduction: suicide attempt is a self-destructive behavior or act, carried out with a lethal intent, resulting in death. Its prevention is approached from a variety of perspectives.
Objective: to review updated information on preventive actions carried out in hospital emergency services following failed suicide attempts in pediatric patients.
Methods: a systematic review was carried out that included original studies, case reports, letters to the editor, editorials, bibliographic reviews, and systematic reviews published between January 2016 and October 2024, in Spanish, Portuguese, and English. To do so, the protocol of the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and the methodology of the PRISMA 2020 Declaration were followed.
Development: from the 21 articles, a sample of six was selected: four American, one British, and one Spanish. The studies reviewed corroborated the importance of preventing suicide attempts; their recommendations focus on brief interventions to detect and assess risks, delivered by pediatricians in hospital pediatric emergency departments.
Conclusions: evidence demonstrates the importance of the pediatrician in preventive actions carried out in hospital emergency services following failed suicide attempts in pediatric patients. Intervention options focus on the application of tools to detect and assess the risks of re-initiating harmful acts. This work provides useful elements for designing suicide prevention interventions in pediatric patients and for making decisions regarding their regulatory policies.
Downloads
References
1. Baader T, Urra E, Millán R, Yañez L. Algunas consideraciones sobre el intento de suicidio y su enfrentamiento. Rev Med Clin Condes [Internet]. May 2011 [citado 8 Oct 2024];22(3):303-9. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0716864011704308
2. Organización Mundial de la Salud, Centro de Prensa. Suicidio [Internet]. Ago 2024 [citado 8 Oct 2024]; Nota descriptiva s/n [aprox. 4 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide
3. Organización Mundial de la Salud, Centro de Prensa. La salud mental de los adolescentes [Internet]. Oct 2024 [citado 16 Oct 2024]; Nota descriptiva s/n [aprox. 3 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health
4. Organización Panamericana de la Salud [Internet]. Washington D.C.: OPS; [citado 8 Oct 2024]. Prevención del suicidio [aprox. 2 pantallas]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/temas/prevencion-suicidio
5. Pan American Health Organization [Internet]. Washington D.C.: PAHO; [actualizado 2021; citado 8 Oct 2024]. The burden of suicide in the Region of the Americas [aprox. 2 pantallas]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/en/enlace/burden-suicide
6. Ministerio de Salud Pública (Cuba). Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2023 [Internet]. La Habana Dirección Nacional de Registros Médicos y Estadísticas de Salud; 2024 [citado 8 Oct 2024]. Disponible en: https://files.sld.cu/dne/files/2024/10/Anuario-Estad%C3%ADstico-de-Salud-2023.-Ed-2024.pdf
7. Cortés-Alfaro A, Alonso-Uría RM, Castro-Peraza M, Díaz-Hernández MA, Machado-Lubián MC, Maggie-Torriente J, et al. Prevención de la conducta suicida en adolescentes [Internet]. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2019 [citado 10 Ago 2024]. Disponible en: http://www.bvs.sld.cu/libros/prevencion_conducta_suicida_adolescentes/prevencion_conducta_suicida.pdf
8. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Vivir la vida. Guía de aplicación para la prevención del suicidio en los países [Internet]. Washington D.C.: OPS; 2021 [citado 28 Sep 2024]. Disponible en: https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/54718/9789275324240_spa.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
9. Basaco-Suárez MB. Programa Nacional de Prevención y Control de la Conducta Suicida. Experiencia cubana [Internet]. La Habana: Ministerio de Salud Pública; 2016 [citado 22 Sep 2024]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/hq/dmdocuments/2016/6-Plan-Nacional-en-Preve-del-Suicidio-Cuba.pdf
10. Alameda-Angulo A. Pediatra, adolescente y conducta suicida: una puesta en común. Evid Pediatr [Internet]. Mar 2016 [citado 22 Jul 2024];12(1):[aprox. 3 p.]. Disponible en: https://archivos.evidenciasenpediatria.es/files/41-12701-RUTA/EDITORIAL_1.pdf
11. Gabilondo A. Prevención del suicidio, revisión del modelo OMS y reflexión sobre su desarrollo en España. Informe SESPAS 2020. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2020 [citado 27 Jul 2024];34 Supl 1:27-33. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911120301400
12. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Manual de prácticas para el establecimiento y mantenimiento de sistemas de vigilancia de intentos de suicidio y autoagresiones [Internet]. Washington D.C.: OPS; 2018 [citado 14 Ago 2024]. Disponible en: https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/49120/9789275320082_spa.pdf?sequence=1
13. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Rev Esp Cardiol [Internet]. Sep 2021 [citado 14 Ago 2024];74(9):790-9. Disponible en: https://www.prisma-statement.org/s/PRISMA-2020-Spanish.pdf
14. Lanzillo EC, Horowitz LM, Wharff EA, Sheftall AH, Pao M, Bridge JA. The importance of screening preteens for suicide risk in the emergency department. Hosp Pediatr [Internet]. Abr 2019 [citado 23 Sep 2024];9(4):305-7. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6434973/pdf/hpeds.2018-0154.pdf
15. Virk F, Waine J, Berry C. A rapid review of emergency department interventions for children and young people presenting with suicidal ideation. BJPsych Open [Internet]. Mar 2022 [citado 13 Oct 2024];8(2):e56. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8935937/pdf/S2056472422000217a.pdf
16. Ati NAL, Paraswati MD, Windarwati HD. What are the risk factors and protective factors of suicidal behavior in adolescents? A systematic review. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs [Internet]. Feb 2021 [citado 4 Oct 2024];34(1):7-18. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcap.12295
17. Hua LL, Lee J, Rahmandar MH, Sigel EJ; Committee on Adolescence; Council on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Suicide and suicide risk in adolescents. Pediatrics [Internet]. Ene 2024 [citado 16 Oct 2024];153(1):e2023064800. Disponible en: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-pdf/153/1/e2023064800/1585224/peds.2023-064800.pdf
18. Saidinejad M, Duffy S, Wallin D, Hoffmann JA, Joseph MM, Schieferle-Uhlenbrock J, et al; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine. The management of children and youth with pediatric mental and behavioral health emergencies. Pediatrics [Internet]. Sep 2023 [citado 16 Oct 2024];152(3):e2023063256. Disponible en: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-pdf/152/3/e2023063256/1567404/peds.2023-063256.pdf
19. Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine; Bright Futures Periodicity Schedule Workgroup. 2023 Recommendations for preventive pediatric health care. Pediatrics [Internet]. Abr 2023 [citado 8 Oct 2024];151(4):e2023061451. Disponible en: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-pdf/151/4/e2023061451/1565439/peds_2023061451.pdf
20. Kirmaryr M, Quilodán C, Valente B, Loezar C, Garegnani L, Ariel-Franco JV. Metodología GRADE, parte I: cómo evaluar la certeza de la evidencia. Medwave [Internet]. Mar 2021[citado 12 Sep 2024];21(02):e8109. Disponible en: https://www.medwave.cl/medios/medwave/Marzo2021/PDF/medwave-2021-02-8109.pdf
21. Asarnow JR, Hughes JL, Babeva KN, Sugar CA. Cognitive behavioral family treatment for suicide attempt prevention: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr [Internet]. Abr 2017 [citado 4 Ago 2024];56(6):506-14. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5474088/pdf/nihms865963.pdf
22. Balasa R, Lightfoot S, Cleverley K, Stremler R, Szatmari P, Alidina Z, et al. (2023) Effectiveness of emergency department-based and initiated youth suicide prevention interventions: A systematic review. PLoS ONE [Internet]. Dic 2023 [citado 20 Oct 2024];18(12):e0289035. Disponible en: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0289035&type=printable
23. Vaughn LM, Sunny CE, Lindquist-Grantz R, King C, Brent D, Boyd S, et al. Successful suicide screening in the pediatric emergency department: youth, parent, researcher and clinician perspectives. Arch Suicide Res [Internet]. Ene 2019 [citado 3 Oct 2024];24 Supl 1:124-41. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6559878/pdf/nihms-1520330.pdf
24. Brent DA, Horowitz LM, Grupp-Phelan J, Bridge JA, Gibbons R, Chernick LS, et al. Prediction of suicide attempts and suicide-related events among adolescents seen in emergency departments. JAMA Netw Open [Internet]. Feb 2023 [citado 8 Oct 2024];6(2):e2255986. Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2801462/brent_2023_oi_221594_1675716040.82142.pdf
25. Horowitz L, Tipton MV, Pao M. Primary and secondary prevention of youth suicide. Pediatrics [Internet]. May 2020 [citado 4 Sep 2024];145 Supl 2:S195-203. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11057227/pdf/nihms-1986367.pdf
26. Artiles-Visbal L, Otero-Iglesias J, Barrios-Osuna I. Metodología de la investigación [Internet]. La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2008 [citado 24 Ago 2024]. Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/libros_texto/metodologia_dela_investigacion_leticia/completo.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sara Rodríguez Garcia, Mayelin Llanes Santos, Milena Hidalgo Ávila
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Those authors who have publications with this journal accept the following terms of the License CC Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0):
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes .
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
The journal is not responsible for the opinions and concepts expressed in the works, which are the exclusive responsibility of the authors. The Editor, with the assistance of the Editorial Committee, reserves the right to suggest or request advisable or necessary modifications. Original scientific works are accepted for publication, as are the results of research of interest that have not been published or sent to another journal for the same purpose.
The mention of trademarks of specific equipment, instruments or materials is for identification purposes, and there is no promotional commitment in relation to them, neither by the authors nor by the editor.
