Methylphenidate use in pediatric patients with severe head trauma.
Abstract
A descriptive and retrospective study of all pediatric patients who were admitted on the pediatric intensive care unit suffering a severe head trauma was carried out from January 2003 to January 2012. After been controlled the intracranial hypertension and associated pathologies between 15 and 21 days, methylphenidate was administered to improve the wakefulness state. The universe was composed by 20 cases and the sample 13. It was begun with a minimum dose that was increased until obtaining the wished answer. Masculine sex predominated and the age group between 6 and 11 years. 62 patients presented a Glasgow Coma Scale of 8 points to the entrance, the greater number did not suffer previous diseases to the event (11) and 76.9% of them presented prevoius symptomatology to medicine administration. Within the most observed symptoms with its use it is the anxiety in 46.2%, followed by the slight arterial hypertension and the tachycardia. The improvement of the wakefulness state appears between 3 and 7 days starting the treatment in 69.23% of cases, this one extends by 10 to 15 days. It was necessary a daily doses of 2 tablets to control the hypersomniaDownloads
Author Biographies
Daisy Abreu Pérez
Ángel J Lacerda Gallardo
Silvia E Romeu Yunaka
César Miranda Abreu
Rogelio L. González
Noraima Oria Rodríguez
References
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de todos los pacientes pediátricos que sufrieron un traumatismo craneoencefálico grave, en el período entre enero de 2003 a enero de 2012, a los que después de controlada la hipertensión endocraneana y las patologías asociadas, entre 15 y 21 días, se les administró metilfenidato para mejorar el estado de vigilia. El universo fue de 20 casos y la muestra de 13. Se comienza con una dosis mínima que se incrementa hasta obtener la respuesta deseada. Predominó el sexo masculino y el grupo de edades entre 6 y 11 años, en 69.2% los pacientes presentaron una escala de coma de Glasgow de 8 puntos al ingreso, el mayor número no padecían de enfermedades previas al evento (11), y el 76.9% presentaban sintomatología previa a la administración del medicamento. Dentro de los síntomas más observados con su uso está la ansiedad en 46.2%, seguido de la hipertensión arterial ligera y la taquicardia. La mejoría del estado de vigilia aparece entre 3 y 7 días de iniciado el tratamiento en 69.23% de los casos, este se prolonga por 10 a 15 días. Se necesitó una dosis diaria de 2 tabletas para controlar la hipersomnia.
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